Case study

Committed to security.

GPS Standard offers advanced perimeter solutions to protect people, assets, and infrastructure, with a steadfast commitment to security, reliability, and innovation in every project. Our real-world case studies. Perimeter protection systems for critical infrastructure.

Applications and case studies

GPS Standard designs and manufactures perimeter protection systems for critical infrastructure across all sectors: from energy and military to transport and logistics, as well as high-security environments such as nuclear power plants and airports.

These are extremely sensitive environments that can represent targets for terrorists and malicious individuals. For this reason, it is fundamental to implement perimeter systems, perimeter protections, and perimeter intrusion detection systems designed to guarantee high performance and maximum precision in detecting every possible threat.

The perimeter security technologies intended for these scenarios stand out for their high level of innovation, quality, and reliability. Indeed, modern perimeter defense systems are designed to be extremely sensitive and accurate, enabling the prompt detection of any unauthorized access attempt, perimeter crossing, or equipment tampering.

In this context, perimeter systems and perimeter protections do not represent just a physical or technological barrier, but a true strategic element in security management.

For years, GPS Standard has been developing advanced perimeter systems, high-tech perimeter protections, and perimeter intrusion detection solutions designed to meet the most complex needs. The experience gained and the constant focus on innovation have contributed to positioning the company as a benchmark in the perimeter security and perimeter protection systems sector.

# CASE STUDY ONE - PERIMETER PROTECTION OF A

nuclear power plant

Context Analysis

The perimeter protection of a nuclear power plant represents an extremely complex and delicate challenge, especially when it comes to preventing damage, sabotage, or attempts to destroy critical infrastructure, as well as preventing terrorist attacks.

Without an adequate combination of perimeter intrusion detection technologies, it is difficult to guarantee a level of perimeter security capable of effectively countering threats, acts of vandalism, and potential targeted attacks. In these contexts, the perimeter must be "reinforced" through advanced and mutually integrated systems, capable of promptly detecting any intrusion attempt.

Added to this is a further level of risk: beyond unauthorized physical intrusions, cyberattacks also represent a concrete threat. For this reason, it is vital to adopt robust and reliable protection measures, capable of ensuring security on both the physical and cyber fronts.

Risk Assessment

The perimeter protection of a nuclear site requires excellence in risk management. An effective perimeter intrusion detection system must integrate redundant architectures (IP and physical I/O) on segregated networks to ensure maximum cyber-resilience. For error-proof perimeter security, it is crucial that the Delay Time of the barriers exceeds tactical response times, utilizing advanced verification technologies to eliminate false alarms. Only a multi-level and integrated approach can guarantee operational continuity against hostile intrusions and structured threats.

Case Study: Radar and Video-Verification integration strategies for critical sites in Central Europe.

In high-risk infrastructure, perimeter protection cannot be limited to detection alone. A modern perimeter security system must implement "Slew-to-Cue" logic, for instance by integrating Radar077 perimeter protection, which can autonomously provide intrusion coordinates and target classification to automatically guide PTZ cameras to the exact coordinates of the intrusion—just as occurred for the protection of the 17km perimeter of a major European nuclear site where our perimeter protections played a leading role.

This synergy drastically reduces perimeter intrusion detection reaction times, allowing immediate classification of the target (human, vehicle, or animal) via Deep Learning algorithms. Implementing segregated and redundant network architectures ensures that the metadata flow between sensor and video remains intact even during digital jamming attempts, guaranteeing constant, automated perimeter protection free of blind spots.

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# CASE STUDY TWO - PERIMETER PROTECTION OF A

military base

Context Analysis

The perimeter protection of a military base represents an extremely complex and strategic challenge, especially when it comes to preventing intrusions, sabotage, or targeted attacks against sensitive infrastructure and assets, which are often of national importance.

In these highly critical contexts, without an appropriate combination of perimeter intrusion detection technologies, it is difficult to guarantee a truly effective level of security. Indeed, military bases can be targets of advanced and intentional threats, requiring perimeter security systems capable of detecting, deterring, and delaying any unauthorized access attempt.

Added to this scenario is an increasingly prominent threat: the use of drones for reconnaissance or attack activities. Perimeter protection systems must therefore be designed to detect and manage low-altitude aerial intrusions, including those by commercial drones, by integrating technologies capable of identifying, tracking, and promptly reporting the presence of unauthorized aircraft, thereby helping to ensure an even higher and more comprehensive level of security.

Risk Assessment

Designing perimeter protection for a military base requires a rigorous risk assessment process, considering complex scenarios and high threats. A perimeter intrusion detection system must guarantee operational continuity under critical conditions, with redundant architectures and reliable solutions. It is essential that perimeter systems ensure detection times that exceed the response times of security forces. The use of advanced technologies reduces false alarms, improving overall effectiveness. Only a structured and integrated approach among different systems can guarantee a high level of protection against coordinated threats.

Case Study for triple-ring architectures for the protection of military sites in the Benelux.

In military installations, perimeter security must guarantee redundant detection across multiple physical levels. Our perimeter protections were chosen to protect a major military base in Northern Europe and integrated with the SCS management software. The optimal architecture is divided into three concentric rings: the first, on the outer fence, utilizes the MILES fiber optic system, ensuring perimeter intrusion detection immune to electromagnetic interference and cutting or climbing attempts across the entire 13 km perimeter.

The second ring, located in the buffer zone between the outer and inner fences, employs the PPS Plus underground technology, which creates an invisible and unassailable detection volume capable of intercepting the intruder before they reach the core of the site. Finally, the third ring of perimeter protection is entrusted to intelligent video analytics, which serves as the final verification layer. This triple-stage configuration ensures total perimeter protection, where the combination of pressure-differential sensors, fiber optics, and video analytics eliminates any possibility of system circumvention.

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# CASE STUDY THREE - PERIMETER PROTECTION OF A

photovoltaic field

Context Analysis

The perimeter protection of a solar farm represents an increasingly relevant challenge, especially in light of the growing widespread deployment of large-scale plants, often located in isolated or poorly monitored areas. In these contexts, the primary risk is linked to intrusions, theft of materials (such as panels, copper cables, and electrical components), and acts of vandalism that can compromise energy production continuity, resulting in heavy costs related to lost earnings and contractual penalties.

Unlike other sites, solar farms extend over very large surfaces and feature irregularly shaped perimeters, which are difficult to protect with traditional perimeter technologies. This makes it crucial to adopt perimeter security systems and perimeter intrusion detection solutions designed to guarantee constant coverage, timely detection, and effective event management.

The perimeter must therefore be protected through reliable and integrated technologies, capable of operating in variable environmental conditions such as wind, rain, temperature fluctuations, and the presence of wildlife, while minimizing false alarms, even in contexts with poor maintenance of green areas. Only a structured, multi-level approach allows perimeter protection to become a genuinely effective tool for safeguarding the investment and ensuring the operational continuity of the plant.

Risk Assessment

The perimeter security of a solar farm requires a careful risk assessment based on the specific characteristics of the site and its actual exposure to threats such as theft, intrusion, and vandalism. The main risk for this type of infrastructure is not only linked to the mere theft of panels but also to the loss of energy production. The vast and often isolated nature of these facilities makes it necessary to adopt perimeter systems and perimeter intrusion detection solutions designed to ensure continuous coverage and long-term reliability, while simultaneously requiring low maintenance for both the perimeter system itself and the surrounding green areas.

A key element in design is the systems' ability to detect an intrusion promptly and, at the same time, delay access to critical assets, ensuring a sufficient operational margin for security guards to respond. Perimeter protections must therefore be scaled according to response times, integrating advanced verification technologies to distinguish real events from environmental disturbances and limit false alarms. Furthermore, it is essential to consider the typical environmental conditions of these contexts, which can affect the performance of perimeter systems, and provide robust and resilient solutions.

Case Study for Integrated Protection for Solar Farms and Copper Theft

The perimeter security of solar farms must face twofold challenges: external intrusion and targeted sabotage for component theft. An effective perimeter protection architecture, frequently used by our clients to protect medium and large-scale solar farms, involves installing the CPS Plus system along the fences, acting as a perimeter intrusion detection sensor capable of detecting cutting or climbing attempts with extreme precision.

To safeguard internal assets, the strategy shifts to pinpoint protection: the SUN system prevents panel theft by monitoring the mechanical integrity of the strings, while the SNAKE system is specifically designed to combat the theft of copper cables by detecting vibrations and removals along the cable trays. This combination of perimeter protection and proximity sensors creates a resilient security ecosystem, minimizing economic damage and ensuring the plant's production continuity. Discover the products of this Case Study. Contact one of our experts.

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# CASE STUDY FOUR - PROTECTION OF AN

airport perimeter

Context Analysis

The perimeter protection of an airport represents an extremely complex challenge, as these are critical infrastructures characterized by high flows of people, vehicles, and continuous operational activities. In these contexts, perimeter security must guarantee the protection of vast and diversified areas, preventing intrusions, unauthorized access, and potential threats that could compromise passenger safety and flight operations.

Unlike other sites, airports feature very large and complex perimeters, including runways, taxiways, cargo zones, and technical areas. This requires the use of perimeter systems and perimeter intrusion detection solutions capable of adapting to complex operational scenarios, while simultaneously ensuring operational continuity and the absence of interference with airport activities. A further critical element is the need to securely manage the coexistence between controlled-access areas and highly frequented zones, ensuring that every movement is tracked and verified. Perimeter protections must therefore be integrated with access control systems and advanced video surveillance, capable of providing a complete and real-time overview of the situation.

Finally, environmental and operational conditions, such as climate variations, variable lighting, and the constant presence of aerial and ground traffic, impose the use of reliable and precise technologies, capable of reducing false alarms and guaranteeing a high and continuous level of security. Only an integrated and multi-level approach ensures effective perimeter protection in such a dynamic and sensitive environment.

Valutazione dei rischi

Perimeter protection in the airport sector must satisfy strict ENAC/ENAV standards, balancing security against hostile acts and operational safety. An advanced perimeter security system must manage the complexity of vast areas and diverse intrusion scenarios, minimizing the impact on air traffic caused by unauthorized access.

The effectiveness of perimeter intrusion detection in airports lies in its ability to immediately classify events to avoid operational slowdowns. Through redundant architectures and a unified multi-technological vision, perimeter protection guarantees resilience and continuity of service. Only a multi-level approach, capable of correlating data in real time, allows detection to be transformed into a rapid tactical response, ensuring regulatory compliance and maximum situational awareness.

Case Study and Integrated Architectures: from Northern Europe to Southern Italy.

The effectiveness of GPS Standard solutions is extensively documented across numerous airports, from logistics hubs in Northern Europe to critical infrastructure in Southern Italy. In a major southern Italian airport, perimeter security is guaranteed by a dual-barrier system: a first outer level with MILES fiber-optic technology on the fence, integrated by a second level with the GPS Plus underground system. The latter, thanks to the exclusive Cross Point technology, allows the exact point of the intrusion to be identified with extreme precision, making the perimeter intrusion detection invisible and impossible to circumvent.

For the specific protection of the most sensitive internal areas, such as hangars and control towers, RADAR 077 technology is deployed, capable of monitoring critical volumes with 360° scans. The robustness of these installations lies in their total interoperability: each component of the perimeter protection is natively integrated into the leading international video management and security platforms, such as Genetec and Milestone. This integration allows for a centralized and seamless management of perimeter protection, transforming every single sensor into an intelligent node of a global and resilient security network.

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# CASE STUDY FIVE - PROTECTION OF A

luxury residence

Context Analysis

Designing perimeter protection for a prestigious villa requires a risk analysis that balances the effectiveness of perimeter intrusion detection with aesthetic constraints and the residents' freedom of movement. Unlike industrial sites, the residential context is characterized by complex environmental variables, such as the presence of dense vegetation, domestic animals, and irrigation systems, which can drastically affect the false alarm rate (NAR).

To guarantee a truly effective perimeter security, it is necessary to adopt discrete yet powerful technologies, capable of creating an invisible barrier right along the boundaries of the property. The integration of piezoelectric sensors on the fence, coordinated with a perimeter protection that extends right up to the building's access points, using the same type of sensors but embedded in the concrete in front of the entry points, allows the Delay Time to be maximized. This strategic approach enables the intruder to be detected in the early stages of an approach attempt, triggering deterrence and video-verification scenarios well before the physical safety of the residents can be compromised.

Risk Assessment

The risk assessment for the perimeter protection of a prestigious villa requires a meticulous analysis that goes beyond mere asset protection, placing the physical safety of the residents at the center. In this context, risk must be calculated by analyzing the permeability of the outer borders against potential intrusion scenarios (theft, home invasion, or vandalism). Perimeter security must be designed starting from the identification of preferential "attack points": driveway gates, shaded areas within vegetation, and perimeters bordering public areas or uncultivated land.

Effective residential perimeter protection must consider the "false alarm" variable as a critical operational risk: a system that is too sensitive and generates improper alerts due to animals or weather events is soon deactivated by the user, nullifying the perimeter protection.

The assessment must therefore determine the correct balance between sensor sensitivity and the Delay Time of physical barriers, ensuring that perimeter intrusion detection activates defense protocols, the alarm siren, and video-verification before the threat reaches the home's access points. This subtracts precious time from malicious individuals and forces them to give up before they even enter. Only a proper stratification of risks allows the selection of technologies offering an invisible yet impenetrable protection.

The most requested perimeter systems for residential applications are underground systems like GPS Plus or fence-mounted systems, alongside standard-compliant intrusion control panels, indoor volumetric sensors, and door/window sensors.

Case Study: Hybrid and Pinpoint Protection for Luxury Residences

A recent project carried out at a prestigious villa in Lazio exemplifies the effectiveness of the BeeS system in managing heterogeneous architectural contexts. The perimeter security of the primary boundary was resolved using a differentiated approach: chains of BeeS piezoelectric sensors were installed on the rigid panel fencing, while a microphonic cable, managed by the same analysis unit, was integrated for the chain-link fence at the rear, which borders a wooded area with a high risk of climbing.

The perimeter protection then extends to a second, more internal and "surgical" ring: BeeS piezoelectric sensors were applied directly to protect the frames of garages, doors, and windows on the ground floor. Special mention goes to securing the first floor, where the system monitors the large glass window of the SPA area overlooking the outdoor pool. This perimeter intrusion detection configuration guarantees pinpoint detection of the break-in attempt before the intruder can penetrate the living spaces, offering a perimeter protection that combines aesthetic invisibility with maximum technological effectiveness. Discover the products of this Case Study. Contact one of our experts.

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# CASE STUDY SIX - PROTECTION OF A

industrial site

Context Analysis

The perimeter protection of a modern industrial hub must respond to a hybrid threat that goes beyond the concept of simple intrusion, focusing on safeguarding operational continuity and intellectual property. In a production ecosystem, risk assessment must consider that even marginal damage to critical assets or energy infrastructure can trigger devastating machine downtime, with economic losses far exceeding the value of the physical goods stolen. For this reason, perimeter security must not be understood merely as a deterrent, but as a strategic investment aimed at guaranteeing business resilience and the protection of sensitive information, preventing unauthorized access to premises from translating into industrial espionage or sabotage of R&D processes.

Beyond asset protection, an advanced perimeter intrusion detection system plays a crucial role in corporate responsibility management and the prevention of reputational risks. The breach of high-risk areas or damage to chemical and logistical plants due to inadequate perimeter protection can generate image crises and regulatory sanctions related to workplace safety and environmental impact. Through a proper analysis of the context, technology and perimeter protections become a governance tool that ensures full operational compliance and protects brand value, transforming surveillance into a fundamental asset for the long-term stability of the entire industrial organization.

Risk Assessment

Proper perimeter protection cannot separate itself from a rigorous risk analysis, which must identify the site's specific vulnerabilities prior to installing any device. In this scenario, the choice of a perimeter alarm system must mandatorily respond to the technical requirements established by the EN 50131. This standard not only defines the security grades (from 1 to 4) based on the criticality of the site and the potential intruder's skills, but it also represents the fundamental prerequisite for guaranteeing insurance coverage. In fact, without an EN 50131 compliance certification, the risk is that insurance companies will not recognize compensation claims in the event of a loss, considering the system inadequate for asset protection.

The management of perimeter alarms thus becomes a central element in the assessment: a certified system ensures that every alert is correctly classified and transmitted, reducing response times and increasing the actual effectiveness of the defense. Designing perimeter protections in accordance with these standards means moving from a perceived security to a certified security, where the perimeter alarm system acts as a real tool for mitigating financial and operational risks. Only by integrating advanced sensors and a perimeter alarm management logic that complies with European directives is it possible to build a resilient defense strategy that is fully recognized by security institutions and insurance companies.

Case Study: Protezione multilivello per la logistica avanzata in Trentino

In a recent and significant project carried out for a major logistics hub in Trentino Alto Adige, perimeter security was implemented across three critical levels to guarantee the protection of high-value goods. For the outer boundary, the client chose the FORTE system, dividing the perimeter into two macro-areas (North and South) of 800 meters each. The distinctive aspect of this perimeter intrusion detection installation is the high granularity of detection: the system manages 55 independent alarm zones, each approximately 30 meters long, allowing extremely precise event localization and an immediate response from security forces.

The second level of perimeter protection was implemented in the loading and unloading areas, where loaded semi-trucks dwell before departure. Here, GPS Plus technology was installed beneath the concrete surface: the system's sensitivity is such that the mere approach of an individual to vehicles parked over the underground pipes instantly activates the perimeter alarm, protecting the vehicles and their contents before any break-in attempt even occurs.

Finally, to protect the internal "vault", a walled area dedicated to storing pharmaceuticals and luxury products, BeeS piezoelectric sensors were deployed. These sensors monitor the integrity of prefabricated walls, detecting breaching or drilling attempts, thereby guaranteeing total internal perimeter protection and excellent security for the most sensitive assets.

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# CASE STUDY SEVEN - PERIMETER PROTECTION OF A

parking lot

Context analysis

The perimeter protection of large parking areas, such as metropolitan commuter parking lots, exhibition center yards, or car dealership display spaces, must face unique logistical challenges related to the size of the premises and the high turnover of vehicles and people. In these contexts, perimeter security is not only aimed at preventing the theft of assets, namely the vehicles themselves or the goods contained within them, but also acts as a guarantor for the safety of users and the continuity of mobility services. A parking area perceived as unsafe suffers a rapid decline in value, directly impacting user flows and the facility's profitability.

Risk management in these open spaces must necessarily consider potential reputational damage for the operating body or concessionaire. In the case of exhibition centers or airport parking lots, an intrusion leading to serial thefts or acts of vandalism can compromise customer trust and the brand's national image. Furthermore, perimeter intrusion detection plays a key role in protecting information and critical technological infrastructure, such as electric vehicle charging stations and automated payment systems, which are currently sensitive targets for sabotage or the theft of hardware components.

From a modern security perspective, the perimeter protection of a parking lot must be able to distinguish between normal pedestrian/vehicle transit and hostile activity, operating in environments that are often characterized by high environmental and vibrational noise. Only a strategy that integrates early detection technologies and rapid verification systems can mitigate risks related to theft, assault, or looting, transforming a simple yard into a secure and monitored infrastructure capable of meeting the protection standards required by modern urban and commercial contexts.

Risk assessment

The risk assessment for large areas such as airport parking lots or logistics yards must address the challenge of a widespread "attack surface." In these sites, the primary risk is represented by predatory petty crime and serial vandalism, which can target hundreds of assets simultaneously. The design of perimeter protections must therefore be based on an accurate analysis of penetration times: in such vast spaces, a perimeter alarm system that detects the intruder only in close proximity to the vehicle is often too late. It is necessary to map the vulnerability points along the entire boundary to ensure that perimeter alarms are triggered at the exact moment the outer fence is climbed or cut.

A fundamental pillar of the assessment is compliance with the EN 50131 standard, which is essential to ensure the validity of insurance coverage on fleets of vehicles or stationary goods. Without a certification attesting to the security grade of the system, the operator exposes themselves to massive financial risks in the event of thefts facilitated by non-compliant systems. Therefore, the analysis must balance the sensitivity of perimeter alarms with the ability to filter out environmental disturbances typical of urban or industrial areas. Integrating certified perimeter protections means transforming the risk assessment into an operational protocol that safeguards working capital and guarantees continuity of service, protecting the operator's investment and the trust of the end user.

Case Study: Resilience and remote management for large exhibition center parking lots in Northern Italy

An application of excellence of our perimeter protections is represented by securing the most important exhibition center in Northern Italy. For the perimeter protection of the five vast open-air outdoor parking lots, the IPS PLUS system was implemented with 3-meter columns featuring 16 individual infrared beams that can be combined in two- or three-cell configurations. The IR beams are fully multiplexed (meaning they are managed through a transmission technique that combines multiple signals into a single channel), eliminating any risk of optical interference between adjacent barriers and making it impossible for malicious individuals to blind the beams. Given the extent of the perimeter, the entire perimeter security of the hub is centralized via the MIND system on a proprietary bus. This architecture allowed for the remote powering of the barriers directly from the control panel, avoiding the need to lay power lines across the field. Furthermore, the MIND communicates with the field sensors via a proprietary protocol, making the system more secure even against potential hacking attempts.

To cope with harsh winters, each column is equipped with heaters on every individual cell, featuring distributed thermostatting to prevent the formation of condensation or ice. Moreover, to guarantee the operational continuity of the perimeter intrusion detection, each barrier integrates backup batteries specifically designed at the client's request, ensuring 24 hours of autonomy in the event of a blackout.

A similar solution, based on the same reliability and centralized management, was also adopted for the parking lots of the city's main stadium, serving the parking areas dedicated to the fans of the two local teams.

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